Dr Hafiz Ahmed Saeed Rana and Muhammad Sohail (2025) “ The Four Stages of Sufism: A Historical-Philosophical Reading of the Transformations of Spiritual Conduct: أطوار التَّصوُّف الأربعة: قراءة تاريخية فلسفية لتحوّلات السلوك الرُّوحي”, Al-Bahis Journal of Islamic Sciences Research, 6(2), pp. 42–49. doi: 10.66212/brjisr.v6i2.256.